QUOTE(Migokalle @ May 8 2010, 11:58 AM)

According to the documentary I was watching, it could be done in 50-100 years. They were talking about deliberately causing global warming to... make some crap happen, which will eventually let plant life grow, which will in return give us oxygen. Right now, we're not even trying to cause global warming... think what we could do if we actually wanted to make it happen. I'm not saying that this documentary has to be right, and I really aren't smart enough to know anything else on this subject, but I don't see why they would lie in said documentary...
I'd be interested in knowing what documentary. Everything I have read on the subject has had much longer estimates...50-100 years is extremely optimistic, I think...and! if we thought we could terraform a planet in that short a period of time, I can't imagine why we aren't already doing it...
In what is perhaps the first formal study of the matter that NASA sponsored, they
determined:
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Given sufficient time - on the order of 140,000 years - mats of blue-green algae could cover more than a quarter of Mars’ surface and place in its atmosphere the minimum amount of oxygen humans need for respiration. Earth-adapted lichen would need 10 times longer to accomplish the same feat because lichen grows more slowly than blue-green algae.
Now, that was in the 70s...but still, more recent highly speculative methods proposed would take closer to a millennium, and even
they are optimistic and assume that we would have functioning technology on mars that we do not today.
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One thing I found rather interesting about what one dude wanted to do, was that he wanted to let the planet evolve by itself, after we have made it possible to sustain life up there... this guy wanted to see what would happen if a new form of life was allowed to evolve on the planet, with only enough human intervention to speed up the evolution process a little. Wouldn't that be amazing?
Yes, that would be amazing.
Once Mars is viable for human inhabitants, however, I think the first colonists will want to recreate a place as close to earth as possible--because it will be inherently alien, and in some sense alienating. So I don't think that this will happen as a matter of choice.
But regardless, the conditions on Mars will force species (including humans) to adapt to the environment over the course of generations. The difference in gravity, sunlight, day length, seasonal length, atmosphere, magnetosphere (and therefore radiation), physical environment (the constitution and properties of the Martian land itself), etc. will all force evolutionary adaptations in whatever species are transplanted to the planet.